The mechanical bride: the car as paradigm for house architecture in the sixties
Keywords:
Archigram, nomadism, mobility, sixtiesAbstract
During the sixties, nomadism and mobility were significant words, addressing changes in the private realm and in domestic scenes. The car, best icon and essential part of fordist economy, meant much more for contemporary culture than simple way of transportation. Through this notion we can understand the highly automobilist pattern of urbanization which emerges with the expansion of fordism in postwar years, and its influence over the architectural field. This paper searches these questions studying a few designs from the sixties, by the Archigram Group, in which the mobile home is the central theme. Remaking the relationship between this work and an enlarged frame, including design, literature, popular culture, we hope to find new readings for Archigram's work and for the sixties.
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References
ARCHIGRAM (1962). “Spray Plastic House”. Magazine Archigram, Londres, abril, n. 2.
ARCHIGRAM (1966). “Trailer cage”. Magazine Archigram, Londres, dezembro, n. 7.
ARCHIGRAM (1968). “The Nomad”. Magazine Archigram, Londres, abril, n.8.
ARCHIGRAM (1972). Archigram, Londres, Studio Vista.
ARCHIGRAM (1994). A Guide to Archigram, 1961-1974. Londres, Academy Editions.
ARCHIGRAM (1994). Archigram. Paris, Centre George Pompidou.
BANHAM, Reyner (1955). Vehicles of Desire. Art, n. 1, setembro, 1955. Reproduzido em: Leffingwell, Edward (ed.). Modern Dreams. The Rise and Fall and Rise of Pop. New York, The Institute of Contemporary Art, Cambridge, The MIT Press, 1988, pp.
65-70.
BANHAM, Reyner (1981). “A Home is not a House”, em Design by Choice, Londres, Academy Editions, pp. 56-60 (publicado originalmente em Art in America, abril de 1965).
BURKHART, Bryan; HUNT, David (2000). Airstream. The history of the land yatch. San Francisco, Chronicle Books.
CABRAL, Cláudia Piantá Costa (2002). Grupo Archigram, 1961-1974: uma fábula da técnica, Barcelona, Programa de Teoría e Historia de la Arquitectura, ETSAB, UPC. Disponível em: http://www.tdx.cesca.es/TDX-0219104-183033/
CHALK, Warren (1966). “Housing as a consumer product”, Arena, Journal of the Architectural Association, Londres.
COULANGES, Fustel (1979). La Ciudad Antigua, Barcelona, Ed. Iberia.
CONRADS, Ulrich; SPERLICH, Hans (1960). Architecture Fantastique, Paris, Delpire.
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COOK, Peter (1975). The Electric Decade: An Atmosphere at the AA School 1963-1973, em James Gowan (ed.), A Continuing Experiment. Learning and Teaching at the AA, Londres, Architectural Press, pp. 137-146.
CORIAT, Benjamin (1989). El taller y el cronómetro. Ensayo sobre el fordismo y la producción en masa, Madrid, Siglo XXI de España.
CROMPTON, Dennis (1999), ed., Concerning Archigram, Londres, Archigram Archives.
DUBOY, Philippe (2000). “L'Esprit nouveau: la villa nomade de Raymond Roussel”, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, Paris, n. 328, junho, pp. 72-75.
EIDELBERG, Martin (1991). Streamlined Modern, em Eidelberg, Martin (ed.), Design 1935-1965. What Modern Was? New York, Harry Abrams Publishers, pp. 72-75.
GINSBERG, Allen (1999). Howl and other poems, San Francisco, City Lights Books (edição original de 1956).
GITLIN, Todd (1993). The Sixties. Years of hope, days of rage, New York, Bantam Books.
GOLDHAGEN, Sarah Williams; LEGAULT, Réjéan (2000), eds., Anxious Modernisms. Experimentation in Postwar Architectural Culture, Montreal, Canadian Centre for Architecture, The MIT Press.
GOODMAN, Paul (1960). Growing Up Absurd, New York, Vintage Books.
GREENE, David (1966). “Living-pod”, Architectural Design, Londres, novembro, pp. 570-572.
HAYS, Michael (1998), ed., Architecture: Theory since 1968, Cambridge, The MIT Press.
HERRON, Ron (1994). The Visions of Ron Herron, Londres, Academy Editions.
HEWISON, Robert (1981). In Anger, Culture in the Cold War, 1945-1960, Londres, Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
KAUFMAN, Edgar (1948). “Borax, or the Chromium-Plated Calf”, The Architectural Review, Londres, agosto, p. 88-93.
KEROUAC, Jack (1957). On the Road, New York, Viking Press.
MADDISON, Angus (1991). Historia del desarrollo capitalista. Sus fuerzas dinámicas, una visión comparada a largo plazo, Barcelona, Ariel.
MARX, Leo (1996). La idea de la tecnología y el pesimismo tecnológico, en Marx, Leo; Smith, Merrit Roe (eds.), Historia y determinismo tecnológico, Madrid, Alianza, pp. 256-275.
MCHALE, John (1966). R. buckminster Fuller, México, Editorial Hermes.
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1967). The Mechanical Bride, Londres, Routledge (edição original de 1951).
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1996). Comprender los medios de comunicación. Las extensiones del ser humano, Barcelona, Paidós (original inglês Understanding Media, 1964).
MCSHANE, Clay (1994). Down the Asphalt Path. The Automobile and the American City, New York, Columbia University Press.
MONTANER, Josep Maria (1991), ed., La crisi del moviment modern. Qüestions d'arquitectura contemporània. Barcelona, Barcanova.
MONTANER, Josep Maria (1993), Después del movimiento moderno. Arquitectura de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Barcelona, Gustavo Gili.
NELSON, George (1957). Problems of Design, New York, Whitney Library of Design.
PAWLEY, Martin (1992). Design heroes. Buckminster Fuller, Londres, Grafton.
SOLÀ-MORALES, Ignasi (2003). Prácticas teóricas, prácticas históricas, prácticas arquitectónicas, en: Inscripciones, Barcelona, Gustavo Gili.
VIDLER, Anthony (1992). The Architectural Uncanny, Cambridge, The MIT Press.
WEBB, Michael; GREENE, David (1966). “Drive-in Housing”, Architectural Design, Londres, novembro, p. 573.
WILSON, Raymond (1967). “Mobility”, Architectural Design, Londres, maio de 1967, pp. 216-220.
ARCHIGRAM (1966). “Trailer cage”. Magazine Archigram, Londres, dezembro, n. 7.
ARCHIGRAM (1968). “The Nomad”. Magazine Archigram, Londres, abril, n.8.
ARCHIGRAM (1972). Archigram, Londres, Studio Vista.
ARCHIGRAM (1994). A Guide to Archigram, 1961-1974. Londres, Academy Editions.
ARCHIGRAM (1994). Archigram. Paris, Centre George Pompidou.
BANHAM, Reyner (1955). Vehicles of Desire. Art, n. 1, setembro, 1955. Reproduzido em: Leffingwell, Edward (ed.). Modern Dreams. The Rise and Fall and Rise of Pop. New York, The Institute of Contemporary Art, Cambridge, The MIT Press, 1988, pp.
65-70.
BANHAM, Reyner (1981). “A Home is not a House”, em Design by Choice, Londres, Academy Editions, pp. 56-60 (publicado originalmente em Art in America, abril de 1965).
BURKHART, Bryan; HUNT, David (2000). Airstream. The history of the land yatch. San Francisco, Chronicle Books.
CABRAL, Cláudia Piantá Costa (2002). Grupo Archigram, 1961-1974: uma fábula da técnica, Barcelona, Programa de Teoría e Historia de la Arquitectura, ETSAB, UPC. Disponível em: http://www.tdx.cesca.es/TDX-0219104-183033/
CHALK, Warren (1966). “Housing as a consumer product”, Arena, Journal of the Architectural Association, Londres.
COULANGES, Fustel (1979). La Ciudad Antigua, Barcelona, Ed. Iberia.
CONRADS, Ulrich; SPERLICH, Hans (1960). Architecture Fantastique, Paris, Delpire.
COOK, Peter (1966). “A very straight description”, Archigram, Londres, n. 7, s/p.
COOK, Peter (1975). The Electric Decade: An Atmosphere at the AA School 1963-1973, em James Gowan (ed.), A Continuing Experiment. Learning and Teaching at the AA, Londres, Architectural Press, pp. 137-146.
CORIAT, Benjamin (1989). El taller y el cronómetro. Ensayo sobre el fordismo y la producción en masa, Madrid, Siglo XXI de España.
CROMPTON, Dennis (1999), ed., Concerning Archigram, Londres, Archigram Archives.
DUBOY, Philippe (2000). “L'Esprit nouveau: la villa nomade de Raymond Roussel”, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, Paris, n. 328, junho, pp. 72-75.
EIDELBERG, Martin (1991). Streamlined Modern, em Eidelberg, Martin (ed.), Design 1935-1965. What Modern Was? New York, Harry Abrams Publishers, pp. 72-75.
GINSBERG, Allen (1999). Howl and other poems, San Francisco, City Lights Books (edição original de 1956).
GITLIN, Todd (1993). The Sixties. Years of hope, days of rage, New York, Bantam Books.
GOLDHAGEN, Sarah Williams; LEGAULT, Réjéan (2000), eds., Anxious Modernisms. Experimentation in Postwar Architectural Culture, Montreal, Canadian Centre for Architecture, The MIT Press.
GOODMAN, Paul (1960). Growing Up Absurd, New York, Vintage Books.
GREENE, David (1966). “Living-pod”, Architectural Design, Londres, novembro, pp. 570-572.
HAYS, Michael (1998), ed., Architecture: Theory since 1968, Cambridge, The MIT Press.
HERRON, Ron (1994). The Visions of Ron Herron, Londres, Academy Editions.
HEWISON, Robert (1981). In Anger, Culture in the Cold War, 1945-1960, Londres, Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
KAUFMAN, Edgar (1948). “Borax, or the Chromium-Plated Calf”, The Architectural Review, Londres, agosto, p. 88-93.
KEROUAC, Jack (1957). On the Road, New York, Viking Press.
MADDISON, Angus (1991). Historia del desarrollo capitalista. Sus fuerzas dinámicas, una visión comparada a largo plazo, Barcelona, Ariel.
MARX, Leo (1996). La idea de la tecnología y el pesimismo tecnológico, en Marx, Leo; Smith, Merrit Roe (eds.), Historia y determinismo tecnológico, Madrid, Alianza, pp. 256-275.
MCHALE, John (1966). R. buckminster Fuller, México, Editorial Hermes.
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1967). The Mechanical Bride, Londres, Routledge (edição original de 1951).
MCLUHAN, Marshall (1996). Comprender los medios de comunicación. Las extensiones del ser humano, Barcelona, Paidós (original inglês Understanding Media, 1964).
MCSHANE, Clay (1994). Down the Asphalt Path. The Automobile and the American City, New York, Columbia University Press.
MONTANER, Josep Maria (1991), ed., La crisi del moviment modern. Qüestions d'arquitectura contemporània. Barcelona, Barcanova.
MONTANER, Josep Maria (1993), Después del movimiento moderno. Arquitectura de la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Barcelona, Gustavo Gili.
NELSON, George (1957). Problems of Design, New York, Whitney Library of Design.
PAWLEY, Martin (1992). Design heroes. Buckminster Fuller, Londres, Grafton.
SOLÀ-MORALES, Ignasi (2003). Prácticas teóricas, prácticas históricas, prácticas arquitectónicas, en: Inscripciones, Barcelona, Gustavo Gili.
VIDLER, Anthony (1992). The Architectural Uncanny, Cambridge, The MIT Press.
WEBB, Michael; GREENE, David (1966). “Drive-in Housing”, Architectural Design, Londres, novembro, p. 573.
WILSON, Raymond (1967). “Mobility”, Architectural Design, Londres, maio de 1967, pp. 216-220.
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Published
2007-05-01
How to Cite
Piantá Costa Cabral, C. (2007). The mechanical bride: the car as paradigm for house architecture in the sixties. Registros. Revista De Investigación Histórica, (4), 43–62. Retrieved from https://revistasfaud.mdp.edu.ar/registros/article/view/415
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